Aleppo

Icon of the Virgin Mary and Child. Achmim area provenance. Photo­graph courtesy of Gawdat Gabra..

Toward an Understanding of the ‘Akhmim Style’ Icons and Ciboria: the Indigenous and the Foreign[1]

Heritage / By

Toward an Understanding of the ‘Akhmim Style’ Icons and Ciboria: the Indigenous and the Foreign[1] THE LATE FOURTEENTH-century painting by Gherardo Starnina, La Tebaide in Galleria degli Uffizi in Florence, provides perhaps the last medieval visu­alized memory of the (ideal) Christian sacred landscape along the Nile in Upper Egypt, densely inhabited by hermits tending their …

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Canons Of Clement

Eminent, System / By

CANONS OF CLEMENT Or “Letter of Peter to Clement.” Under one or the other of these titles, there is current among the Copts, as among the Melchites, an apocryphon containing alleged revelations of Jesus, given on the Mount of Olives before his ascension, concerning the moral life of his community and various ritual prescriptions. The …

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General Ya‘Qub (1745-1801)

Eminent / By

GENERAL YA‘QUB (1745-1801) Financial commissioner, then military leader, a mu‘allim become a general, Ya‘qub died young, and we have little information about his remarkable career. His role is thus debated: collaborator in the French occupation of Egypt, or pioneer of national independence? His contemporary al-Jabarti— who was a member of the diwan that collaborated with …

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Ibn Mammati

Eminent / By

IBN MAMMATI A surname of a celebrated Coptic dynasty from Asyut in the eleventh and twelfth centuries under the later Fatimids and early Ayyubids. Three successive members of that dynasty stand out. The founder, Abu al-Malih, became secretary and general intendent of the diwan under the vizierate of Badr al-Jamali in the reign of the …

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Jirji Al-Sim‘Ani

Eminent / By

JIRJI AL-SIM‘ANI A Melchite monk (the name means that he was a monk of the monastery of Mar Sim‘-an al-Bahri near Suwaydiyyah, southwest of Antioch) engaged in a religious disputation with three Muslim fuqaha’ during a two-day period in Aleppo in 1217 in the palace of the amir al-Zafir, known as al-Malik al-Mushammar, son of …

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Copto-Arabic Literature

Heritage, History / By

COPTO-ARABIC LITERATURE Coptic literature per se, a subject treated elsewhere, is confined to the writings in the Coptic language during the early centuries of medieval Egyptian history when that language was the spoken language of the people as well as their only written instrument. After the ARAB CONQUEST OF EGYPT in the seventh century, the …

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